Issue No.5 | INT’L ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT NEWSLETTER 國際能源與環(huán)境要聞資訊

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This newsletter is compiled by the International Practice Group of King & Capital Law Firm. If you have difficulties in reading cited articles, please feel free to contact us. We will send you the sources in PDF form via email.

歐盟委員會推出提升歐盟產(chǎn)品循環(huán)性和高效性的計劃

Commission rolls out plan to boost circular and efficient products in the EU

近日，歐盟委員會通過了《可持續(xù)產(chǎn)品生態(tài)設(shè)計法規(guī)》（ESPR）和《能源標(biāo)簽法規(guī)》的2025-2030年工作計劃。該計劃列出了一系列在未來五年內(nèi)應(yīng)優(yōu)先引入生態(tài)設(shè)計要求和能源標(biāo)簽的產(chǎn)品。這將促進整個歐洲的可持續(xù)、可修復(fù)、循環(huán)和節(jié)能產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)，符合清潔工業(yè)協(xié)議和競爭力指南針的要求。生態(tài)設(shè)計和能源標(biāo)簽要求的優(yōu)先產(chǎn)品包括鋼鐵和鋁、紡織品（重點關(guān)注服裝）、家具、輪胎和床墊。這些產(chǎn)品是根據(jù)其在循環(huán)經(jīng)濟中的潛力而被選中的。在歐盟層面協(xié)調(diào)的產(chǎn)品可持續(xù)性要求將加強單一市場，防止貿(mào)易壁壘，改善公平競爭環(huán)境，減少行政負(fù)擔(dān)，并增強提供可持續(xù)產(chǎn)品的企業(yè)的全球競爭力。

Recently, the European Commission adopted the 2025-2030 working plan for the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR) and Energy Labelling Regulation.

The plan provides a list of products that should be prioritised to introduce ecodesign requirements and energy labelling over the next five years. This will foster sustainable, repairable, circular and energy efficient products across Europe, in line with the Clean Industrial Deal and the Competitiveness Compass.

The priority products for ecodesign and energy labelling requirements are steel and aluminium, textiles (with a focus on apparel), furniture, tyres and mattresses. These were selected based on their potential to deliver on the circular economy.

Harmonised product sustainability requirements at EU level will reinforce the single market, prevent barriers to trade, improve the level playing field, reduce the administrative burden, and strengthen the global competitiveness of businesses offering sustainable products.

資訊來源：

https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_25_1071

世界船用燃料掀“生物熱”

The Global Marine Fuel Industry Embraces the "Biofuel Boom"

隨著航運降碳需求日益旺盛，全球船舶運輸正掀起“生物熱”。市場研究機構(gòu)DNV最新發(fā)布數(shù)據(jù)顯示，經(jīng)由新加坡和鹿特丹兩大國際重要港口銷售的生物混合燃料總量，從2021年的約30萬噸增長至2024年的160萬噸以上，船用生物柴油獲得市場普遍關(guān)注。在航運業(yè)燃料需求持續(xù)增長的當(dāng)下，具有低碳屬性的生物燃料已經(jīng)成為市場的“潮流之選”。

DNV在最新發(fā)布的行業(yè)白皮書中指出，目前，船用領(lǐng)域最為常見的兩種生物柴油分別為脂肪酸甲酯和氫化植物油，其最具競爭力的特點是“即供即用”，使用傳統(tǒng)燃料油的船舶可直接添加生物燃料實現(xiàn)混合使用，進而達成降碳目標(biāo)。

With the increasing demand for decarbonization in the shipping industry, the global maritime transportation sector is experiencing a "biofuel boom." The latest data released by the market research firm DNV shows that the total sales volume of bio-blended fuels through the two major international ports of Singapore and Rotterdam has surged from approximately 300,000 tons in 2021 to over 1.6 million tons in 2024. Marine biofuels have garnered widespread market attention. Amid the continuous growth in fuel demand in the shipping industry, biofuels with low-carbon attributes have become the "trendy choice" in the market.

In its latest industry white paper, DNV points out that the two most common types of biofuels in the maritime sector are fatty acid methyl ester (FAME)and hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO). Their most competitive feature is "plug-and-play." Vessels that use traditional fuel oil can directly add biofuels for blended use, thereby achieving decarbonization goals.

資訊來源：

http://paper.people.com.cn/zgnyb/pc/content/202504/07/content_30067403.html

LNG交易機制持續(xù)“進化”

“月度現(xiàn)貨+季度預(yù)售”推動資源從“計劃調(diào)配”向“市場主導(dǎo)”轉(zhuǎn)型

LNG Trading Mechanism Continues to "Evolve"

The "monthly spot + quarterly pre-sale" mechanism drives the transition of resources from "planned allocation" to "market-led."

日前，中國石油天然氣股份有限公司天然氣銷售分公司在重慶石油天然氣交易中心成功開展4月份直供LNG工廠原料氣線上競拍交易，按新疆、西部北方、川渝貴州等區(qū)域分場次開展，首次實現(xiàn)中石油國內(nèi)直供LNG工廠原料氣區(qū)域全覆蓋，全國共有48家LNG工廠參與交易。

中國石油LNG工廠原料氣線上交易“月度現(xiàn)貨+季度預(yù)售”機制通過標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化交易、跨周期風(fēng)險管理和全國市場整合，推動了天然氣從“計劃調(diào)配”向“市場主導(dǎo)”轉(zhuǎn)型。

Recently, the Natural Gas Sales Division of PetroChina Company Limited successfully conducted online auction transactions for direct-supply LNG plant feedstock gas for April at the Chongqing Petroleum and Natural Gas Trading Center. The transactions were carried out in separate sessions for regions such as Xinjiang, Northern Western China, and Sichuan-Chongqing-Guizhou, achieving for the first time full coverage of domestic direct-supply LNG plant feedstock gas regions by Petro China. A total of 48 LNG plants across the country participated in the transactions.

PetroChina's online trading mechanism for LNG plant feedstock gas, which combines" monthly spot + quarterly pre-sale," promotes the transition of natural gas from "planned allocation" to "market-led" through standardized trading, cross-cycle risk management, and integration of the national market.

資訊來源：

http://paper.people.com.cn/zgnyb/pc/content/202504/07/content_30067415.html

中國石化攜手寧德時代今年將建不少于500座換電站

Sinopec and CATL to Build at Least 500 Battery Swap Stations This Year

中國石化與寧德時代在北京簽署產(chǎn)業(yè)與資本合作框架協(xié)議。根據(jù)協(xié)議，雙方將全面深化長期戰(zhàn)略合作關(guān)系，以“產(chǎn)業(yè)合作+資本合作”的方式，攜手構(gòu)建全國換電網(wǎng)絡(luò)生態(tài)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)建設(shè)，統(tǒng)一管理運營換電資產(chǎn)，今年將建設(shè)不少于500座換電站，未來共同致力于建設(shè)10000座換電站目標(biāo)，推動我國換電站新型基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，為新能源車主提供更高效、更便捷的能源綜合服務(wù)。

Sinopec and Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited（CATL） have signed a framework agreement for industrial and capital cooperation in Beijing. According to the agreement, the two parties will comprehensively deepen their long-term strategic cooperative relationship. Through a combination of "industrial cooperation and capital cooperation," they will jointly build a national battery swap network ecosystem and standardization, unify the management and operation of battery swap assets, and construct at least 500 battery swap stations this year. In the future, they will work together towards the goal of building 10,000 battery swap stations, promoting the construction of new infrastructure for battery swap stations in China, and providing more efficient and convenient integrated energy services for new energy vehicle owners.

資訊來源：

http://paper.people.com.cn/zgnyb/pc/content/202504/07/content_30067448.html

土耳其瞄準(zhǔn)保加利亞、伊拉克和利比亞的石油和天然氣勘探

Turkey Eyes Oil & Gas Exploration In Bulgaria, Iraq And Libya

土耳其能源部長阿爾帕斯蘭·拜拉克塔爾透露，土耳其目前正與保加利亞就石油和天然氣勘探進行談判，并且在伊拉克和利比亞也有類似的勘探計劃。據(jù)部長介紹，土耳其國家石油公司（Turkiye Petrolleri AO，簡稱TPAO）將在未來一個月內(nèi)與一家未具名的外國合作伙伴簽署協(xié)議，以在保加利亞黑海區(qū)域進行勘探。土耳其不僅希望增加國內(nèi)石油和天然氣產(chǎn)量，還抱有成為地區(qū)能源樞紐的雄心。土耳其總統(tǒng)雷杰普·塔伊普·埃爾多安一直試圖將土耳其定位為能源樞紐，連接?xùn)|部和南部的天然氣生產(chǎn)國與西部的市場。該國的戰(zhàn)略地理位置和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施在這方面為其提供了優(yōu)勢。

Turkey is currently in talks to explore for oil and gas in Bulgaria, with similar plans for exploration in Iraq and Libya, Turkish Energy Minister Alparslan Bayraktar has revealed. According to the minister, state-owned energy company Turkiye Petrolleri AO (TPAO) will sign an agreement with an unnamed foreign partner within the next month to conduct exploration in Bulgaria’s section of the Black Sea.

Turkey not only wants to boost domestic oil and gas production, but also harbors ambitions to become a regional energy hub. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdo?an has been trying to position Turkey as an energy hub, connecting natural gas producers to its east and south with markets to the west. The country’s strategic geographical position and infrastructure give it an advantage in this regard.

資訊來源：

https://oilprice.com/Energy/Energy-General/Turkey-Eyes-Oil-Gas-Exploration-In-Bulgaria-Iraq-And-Libya.html

美國陸上油氣運營商的生產(chǎn)與經(jīng)濟韌性受到關(guān)稅政策變動的威脅

US onshore operators’ production, economic resilience threatened by shifting tariff policy

在過去一周內(nèi)，美國油氣運營商遭遇了特朗普政府一系列經(jīng)濟政策的變動，這使得本已成熟的行業(yè)面臨市場不確定性。市場研究機構(gòu)Rystad Energy最新發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，美國本土48個州的陸上油氣產(chǎn)量將至少在2025年6月之前無法達到2023年11月創(chuàng)下的1137萬桶/日的原油產(chǎn)量峰值。然而，如果近期油價下跌趨勢持續(xù)，這一前景將面臨嚴(yán)重的下行壓力，迫使運營商削減鉆機活動。

對于美國油氣生產(chǎn)商而言，穩(wěn)定的回報是其關(guān)注的焦點，他們希望從每一桶油中獲取盡可能多的收益。對于這些致密油氣生產(chǎn)商來說，由于市場上增長導(dǎo)向型的私營企業(yè)減少，以及他們持續(xù)專注于有節(jié)制的支出和適度增長，再投資率有所下降。如果特朗普總統(tǒng)的關(guān)稅策略引發(fā)經(jīng)濟衰退，進而導(dǎo)致石油需求下降，現(xiàn)有的資本框架將在未來幾個季度面臨考驗。

US oil and gas operators have encountered an avalanche of economic policy changes from the Trump administration over the last week, creating market uncertainty in an already maturing industry. Rystad Energy expects onshore Lower-48 production will fall short of the record high output of 11.37 million barrels per day (bpd) of oil, achieved in November 2023, until at least June of this year. However, this outlook faces serious downside pressure should the recent price downturn hold, forcing operators to cut back on rig activity.

Consistent returns are top of mind for US producers looking to squeeze as many dollars as possible out of their barrels. For these tight oil players, decreased reinvestment rates result from fewer growth-oriented private players on the market along with their continued focus on disciplined spending and modest growth. Existing capital frameworks will be put to the test over the coming quarters, should President Trump’s tariff strategy lead to an economic recession and, by extension, oil demand destruction.

資訊來源：

https://www.rystadenergy.com/news/us-onshore-operators-production-economic-resilience-threatened-by-shifting-tariff

隨著預(yù)算收緊和勘探前景縮小，油氣勘探者將目光聚焦于近場勘探

Oil and gas explorers zero in on near-field plays as budgets tighten and prospects shrink

日益增加的財務(wù)限制、大宗商品價格低迷以及潛在盆地數(shù)量減少，改變了油氣行業(yè)從業(yè)者探索新儲量的方式。在全球范圍內(nèi)，運營商正在優(yōu)先考慮低風(fēng)險、低成本的近場勘探或以基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施為主導(dǎo)的勘探（ILX），而不是那些昂貴且高風(fēng)險的勘探項目。盡管ILX并非一種新現(xiàn)象，但它是一種可靠的途徑，利用現(xiàn)有的生產(chǎn)樞紐和管道網(wǎng)絡(luò)，將一些可能被忽視的小型發(fā)現(xiàn)實現(xiàn)商業(yè)化。

隨著價格波動加劇、可持續(xù)性壓力增大以及嚴(yán)格的資本紀(jì)律成為核心問題，市場研究機構(gòu)Rystad Energy預(yù)計今年勘探預(yù)算將幾乎沒有增長，維持在約500億美元左右。根據(jù)該公司的分析，印尼、美國和挪威將成為今年ILX的熱點地區(qū)。

Increasing financial constraints, a low commodity price environment and a shrinking pool of prospective basins have transformed how oil and gas players explore for new barrels. Across the globe operators are prioritizing low-risk, low-cost near field or infrastructure-led exploration (ILX) prospects instead of expensive, high-risk exploration plays. ILX, although not a recent phenomenon, is a reliable avenue that capitalizes on existing production hubs and pipeline networks to commercialize smaller discoveries that might otherwise remain untapped.

As price volatility, growing sustainability pressures and rigorous capital discipline take center stage, Rystad Energy predicts little growth of exploration budgets this year, standing at around $50 billion. According to the company’s analysis, Indonesia, the US and Norway will emerge as ILX hotspots this year.

資訊來源：

https://www.rystadenergy.com/news/oil-and-gas-explorers-zero-in-on-near-field-plays

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