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本周周報（2025年4月7日）

保護行動動態(tài)

休斯敦灣市護水者（美國得克薩斯州）及其合作伙伴取得了一場重大的法律勝利，美國一家聯(lián)邦法院裁定，墨西哥灣的近海石油出售行為屬非法。華盛頓特區(qū)地方法院判定，美國內政部開展的涉及 7300 萬英畝的近海石油和天然氣租賃出售活動是不合法的。法院發(fā)現(xiàn)，這家美國聯(lián)邦機構違反了《國家環(huán)境政策法》，因為它對該項目的氣候影響進行了具有誤導性的分析，且未考慮到租賃出售活動對極度瀕危的賴斯鯨的影響。休斯敦灣市護水者及高級法律總監(jiān)克里斯汀?施萊默認為，這一裁決將迫使美國政府認真考慮休斯敦以及得克薩斯州沿海地區(qū)的現(xiàn)實生活狀況。參與此次訴訟的其他環(huán)保組織的律師和負責人也對這一裁決表示認同，該裁決為他們追究大型石油公司的責任、保護當?shù)厣鐓^(qū)鋪平了道路。

特拉華河護水者（美國特拉華州）對美國環(huán)境保護署（EPA）提起訴訟，要求提高水質標準。由于這起訴訟，一項尚未最終確定的法律協(xié)議要求美國環(huán)保署在 6 月 30 日前提高特拉華河所需的含氧量標準。幾十年來，污水處理廠一直在向河中排放氨，導致河水中的含氧量低到危險水平，威脅到了大西洋鱘魚和其他幾種本地物種。目前，這種排放并不違反現(xiàn)有的法律標準。特拉華河為橫跨 42 個縣和 5 個州的 1700 多萬人提供飲用水，同時也為人們提供了漁業(yè)資源，可用于獲取食物和收入。如果不提高水質標準，可能會對該地區(qū)無數(shù)的植物、動物和人類造成毀滅性的影響。

薩斯奎哈納河下游護水者（美國賓夕法尼亞州）泰德?葉夫根尼亞季斯注意到，有液體從管道中流出，流入位于 J&K 打撈場附近的科多勒斯溪。在對水樣進行檢測后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)打撈場排放的廢水受到了重金屬和全氟及多氟烷基物質（PFAS，通常被稱為 “永久性化學物質”）的污染。針對這些檢測結果，護水者協(xié)會和切薩皮克法律聯(lián)盟發(fā)出了一份意向通知，稱將根據(jù)美國《清潔水法》對 J&K 打撈場提起訴訟。該通知要求打撈場立即采取行動，遵守聯(lián)邦和州的環(huán)境法律。如果 J&K 打撈場不遵守規(guī)定，護水者協(xié)會將在聯(lián)邦法院尋求對《清潔水法》以及州和聯(lián)邦法律的強制執(zhí)行。J&K 打撈場的老板喬?達拉否認了這些指控，堅稱打撈場沒有向小溪中排放任何物質。此前，J&K 打撈場曾被發(fā)現(xiàn)違反了一項關于其金屬粉碎機拋出木瓦和碎屑的法院命令。薩斯奎哈納河下游護水者和切薩皮克法律聯(lián)盟發(fā)出這份通知，旨在防止 J&K 打撈場繼續(xù)違反聯(lián)邦和州的清潔水法律。

哈得孫河護水者（美國紐約州）特蕾西?布朗就特朗普政府重組美國環(huán)保署的提議接受了《衛(wèi)報》的采訪。由于該機構正面臨來自其自身領導層的挑戰(zhàn)，護水者和其他一些組織不得不將工作重點從積累科學知識轉移到開展適應措施上。這些措施包括實施一些辦法來減輕暴雨引發(fā)的洪水所造成的影響，因為洪水可能會導致棲息地破壞和財產(chǎn)損失。布朗認為，如果聯(lián)邦政府的支持減少，那就需要當?shù)厣鐓^(qū)采取行動并支持這些舉措。她覺得政府援助的缺失對每個人來說都是一個警醒。

雙港護水者（美國華盛頓州）李?弗斯特最近撰寫了一篇專欄文章，闡述了他對太平洋西北可再生能源公司（PNWRE）擬建一座大型木質顆粒廠的擔憂。在最近的一次霍奎厄姆市議會會議上，太平洋西北可再生能源公司的一名代表稱，該公司將使用森林采伐剩余物作為工廠的原材料。然而，森林采伐剩余物并不被視為可再生能源。此外，該代表還表示，這座顆粒廠將改善空氣質量，這與在密西西比州開展的一項研究結論直接相悖，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，顆粒廠的排放物超出了《清潔空氣法》規(guī)定的閾值高達五倍之多。雖然許多人認為太平洋西北可再生能源公司的計劃可能會對林產(chǎn)品行業(yè)起到支持作用，但也有人擔心這會導致當?shù)仵q魚物種滅絕、森林被大規(guī)模砍伐以及洪水風險增加。由于存在有害空氣污染的風險，當?shù)貓F體就該項目的空氣運營許可證提出了上訴。華盛頓州污染控制聽證委員會將在未來幾個月內審查該許可證的有效性。

巴哈馬護水者呼吁這個島國迫切需要解決玻璃瓶隨意傾倒的問題。這種行為可能引發(fā)易燃事件，而氣候變化會加劇這類事件，比如近幾個月來發(fā)生的毀滅性野火。隨意丟棄的玻璃碗、玻璃瓶、玻璃罐和其他物品會聚集太陽光從而引發(fā)火災。由于這個易受氣候變化影響的國家正努力應對氣候變化帶來的問題，如海平面上升和沿海樹木干枯，巴哈馬護水者強調需要在消防資源方面進行投入，并提高沿海地區(qū)的環(huán)境保護意識。

資料儲備庫資源提醒

為了支持針對清潔水源、環(huán)境保護及相關政策所受攻擊的有效抵制策略，護水者聯(lián)盟（Waterkeeper Alliance）為各個護水者組織創(chuàng)建了一個工具和資源資料庫。該資料庫可掃描下方二維碼獲取，它將根據(jù)美國及全球范圍內的政策發(fā)展、重點事項、面臨的挑戰(zhàn)以及出現(xiàn)的機遇，隨著信息的分享或獲取而定期更新。為了確保我們能滿足所有護水者組織的需求，并加強全球對清潔水源所受攻擊的統(tǒng)一應對措施，我們鼓勵您向護水者會員服務總監(jiān)巴特?米哈伊洛維奇（Bart Mihailovich）反饋意見，以便為您的倡導工作提供及時且量身定制的支持。

APRIL 7, 2025

NEWS FROM THE MOVEMENT

Bayou City Waterkeeper(Texas, U.S.) and partners achieved a massive legal victory when a U.S. federal court ruled that the Gulf of Mexico offshore oil sale was illegal. The D.C. District Court determined the 73-million acre offshore oil and gas lease sale conducted by the U.S. Department of the Interior was unlawful. The court found that the U.S. federal agency violated the National Environmental Policy Act by providing a misleading analysis of the project's climate impact and failing to account for the lease sales's effects on the critically endangered Rice's whale.Bayou City Waterkeeper and Senior Legal Director Kristen Schlemmerbelieves this ruling will compel the U.S. government to seriously consider the realities of life in Houston and along the Texas coast. Attorneys and directors from other environmental organizations involved in the lawsuit expressed agreement with the ruling, which paves the way for them to hold Big Oil accountable and protect local communities.

Delaware Riverkeeper(Delaware, U.S.) filed a lawsuit against the U.S. EPA to improve water quality standards. As a result of this lawsuit, a pending legal agreement requires the U.S. EPA to raise the standards for the Delaware River’s required oxygen levels by June 30. For decades, wastewater treatment plants have been discharging ammonia into the river, leading to dangerously low oxygen levels that threaten the Atlantic sturgeon and several other native species. This discharge does not currently violate the existing legal standards. The Delaware River supplies drinking water to over 17 million people across 42 counties and five states. It also supplies fishing opportunities for both food and income. If the water quality standards are not raised, it could have devastating effects on countless plants, animals, and people in the area.

Lower Susquehanna Riverkeeper( Pennsylvania, U.S.),Ted Evgeniadisobserved fluids pouring from pipes into Codorus Creek from the J&K Salvage Yard. After testing the water, he discovered that the discharge from the salvage yard was contaminated with heavy metals and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), commonly referred to as “forever chemicals.” In response to these findings, the Riverkeeper Association and the Chesapeake Legal Alliance filed a notice of intent to bring a lawsuit against J&K Salvage Yard under the U.S. Clean Water Act. This notice demands that the salvage yard take immediate action to comply with federal and state environmental laws. If J&K fails to comply, the Riverkeeper Association will pursue enforcement of the Clean Water Act and state and federal laws in federal court. Joe Darrah, the owner of J&K, denies the accusations, asserting that the salvage yard does not discharge any materials into the creek. Previously, J&K Salvage had been found violating a court order concerning shingles and debris being flung from its metal shredder. The Lower Susquehanna Riverkeeper and the Chesapeake Legal Alliance are using this notice to prevent J&K Salvage Yard from continually violating federal and state clean water laws.

Hudson Riverkeeper(New York, U.S.)Tracy Brownwas interviewed by The Guardian regarding the Trump administration’s proposal to repurpose the U.S. EPA. With the agency facing challenges from its own leadership, Riverkeeper and other organizations are forced to shift their focus from building scientific knowledge to adaptation efforts. This includes implementing measures to mitigate the impacts of flooding caused by heavy rainfall, which can lead to habitat destruction and property loss. Brown believes that if federal support declines, it will be up to local communities to take action and support these initiatives. She considers the lack of government assistance a wake-up call for everyone.

Twin Harbors Waterkeeper( Washington, U.S.)Lee Firstrecently wrote an op-ed outlining his concerns about the Pacific Northwest Renewable Energy's (PNWRE) proposal to build a large wood pellet plant. At a recent Hoquiam City Council meeting, a representative from PNWRE claimed that the company would use logging slash from forests as raw materials for the plant. However, forest slash is not considered a renewable energy source. Additionally, the representative stated that the pellet plant would improve air quality, directly contradicting a study conducted in Mississippi, which found that emissions from pellet plants exceeded Clean Air Act thresholds by up to five times. While many believe that PNWRE's plan could support the forest products industry, there are concerns that it will lead to the extinction of local salmon species, the clear-cutting of forests, and an increased risk of flooding. Local groups filed an appeal regarding the project's air operating permit due to the risk of harmful air pollution. The Washington Pollution Control Hearings Board will review the permit's validity in the coming months.

Waterkeepers Bahamas(Bahamas) is calling out the urgent need for the island nation to address the indiscriminate dumping of glass bottles. This practice can lead to combustible events, which are exacerbated by climate change, such as devastating wildfires in recent months. Glass bowls, bottles, jars, and other items left lying around can concentrate the sun's rays to ignite a fire. As this climate-vulnerable nation grapples with climate change issues, such as rising sea levels and drying coastal trees, Waterkeepers Bahamas is emphasizing the need to invest in firefighting resources and improve environmental protection awareness for coastal areas.

SHELF RESOURCES REMINDER

To support an effective opposition strategy against attacks on clean water, environmental protections, and policies, Waterkeeper Alliance has created a repository of tools and resources for Waterkeeper groups. This repository, available here, will be regularly updated based on policy developments, priorities, challenges, and opportunities in the U.S. and globally as information is shared and/or becomes available. To ensure we are meeting the needs of all Waterkeeper groups and strengthening a united global response to clean water attacks, we encourage you to share feedback with Bart Mihailovich, Waterkeeper Membership Services Director, to inform timely and tailored support for your advocacy efforts.

本文來自Waterkeeper Alliance，不代表綠色浙江立場

本文中文版由AI工具翻譯，如有錯誤，敬請留言

編輯：陳林孝

初審：姚沁田

二審：朱紫伊

終審：董　舒