近期，天水師范大學(xué)/江蘇師范大學(xué)孟來生教授課題組在植物學(xué)主流期刊Plant Cell Environment（IF5-year=7.6，一區(qū)TOP期刊）發(fā)表了題為The interaction between ABA and sugar signaling regulates stomatal production in systemic leaves by controlling sucrose transport和The Different Concentrations of Applied Exogenous Sugars Widely Influence the Specificity, Significance and Physiological Relevance of Study Outcomings的兩篇綜述論文，并在Molecular Plant Pathology（IF5-year=6.0，一區(qū)TOP期刊）發(fā)表了題為Crosstalk between Ethylene and JA/ABA/Sugar Signaling in Plants under Physiological and Stress Conditions的一篇綜述論文。以上三篇綜述論文從不同角度深入解析了植物如何在復(fù)雜多變的環(huán)境中進(jìn)化出不同的信號(hào)通路，并重點(diǎn)解析近年來許多研究由于沒有深刻理解這些信號(hào)通路進(jìn)化過程的極端復(fù)雜性，從而得出誤導(dǎo)性的結(jié)論。

在復(fù)雜多變的自然環(huán)境下，如干旱、極端溫度、大風(fēng)、鹽堿地、極端光等等，都會(huì)極大的影響著植物的生長發(fā)育以及產(chǎn)量。另外植物內(nèi)源激素信號(hào)和營養(yǎng)信號(hào)的強(qiáng)弱也同樣程度的影響著植物的生長發(fā)育以及產(chǎn)量。例如，脫落酸ABA作為一種關(guān)鍵的植物激素，在應(yīng)對非生物脅迫（如干旱鹽堿、大風(fēng)和極端溫度等）以及影響植物生長發(fā)育中發(fā)揮著中心作用。而糖信號(hào)作為一種關(guān)鍵的營養(yǎng)信號(hào)在植物生長、發(fā)育和應(yīng)對脅迫等方面也起著核心作用。在長期的進(jìn)化過程中，植物已經(jīng)對特定的環(huán)境進(jìn)化出不同的信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)通路，例如生理狀態(tài)下，植物有專門的信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)通路應(yīng)對，而在干旱缺水的情況下，植物又有專門的一套應(yīng)對通路。又如，在很多情況下，干旱誘導(dǎo)ABA急劇增加，導(dǎo)致氣孔密度減少，水分損失減少；但植物的生物量也隨之減少。但在Prosopis strombulifera中，干旱會(huì)誘導(dǎo)ABA急劇增加，氣孔密度增加。這個(gè)導(dǎo)致植物抗旱性減弱，但生物量增加，使得植物更為強(qiáng)壯，抵御不利環(huán)境的壓力增加(Reginato et al., 2013)。以上兩種截然不同的植物應(yīng)對環(huán)境的策略由不同的信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)通路來承擔(dān)。這種現(xiàn)象也廣泛存在。

美國科學(xué)院院士斯坦福大學(xué)Bergmann課題組結(jié)論：低濃度糖抑制氣孔發(fā)育，而乙烯信號(hào)促進(jìn)氣孔發(fā)育（Gong et al., 2021）。因此，糖信號(hào)和乙烯信號(hào)以相互拮抗的方式調(diào)控氣孔發(fā)育。基于這個(gè)結(jié)論，他們認(rèn)為葡萄糖感受器HXK1和乙烯信號(hào)核心元件EIN3不參與糖信號(hào)和乙烯信號(hào)拮抗調(diào)控氣孔發(fā)育。通過深入分析這篇論文，孟來生課題組發(fā)現(xiàn)：主要結(jié)論與他們課題組的相關(guān)研究（Bao et al., 2023），山東大學(xué)白明義課題組（Han et al., 2020, 2022）以及日本研究人員（Akita et al., 2013）的結(jié)論相沖突。這些課題組的研究結(jié)果顯示：低濃度糖促進(jìn)氣孔發(fā)育，而高濃度糖抑制氣孔發(fā)育。

通過深入分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，Bergmann課題組沒有弄清糖和乙烯信號(hào)相互拮抗調(diào)控植物發(fā)育是特異的和有特定條件的。已有的報(bào)道顯示，在擬南芥（Jeong et al., 2010），西蘭花（Nishikawa et al., 2005），水稻（Kobayashi and Saka., 2000），煙草（Philosoph-Hadas et al., 1985）等植物中發(fā)現(xiàn)：低濃度糖和乙烯相互協(xié)同調(diào)控植物發(fā)育。而高濃度（或過量）糖和乙烯相互拮抗調(diào)控植物發(fā)育（Jang et al., 1997; Zhou et al., 1998; Moore et al., 2003; Cho et al., 2010; Karve et al., 2012）。Cho et al (2010)深入解析發(fā)現(xiàn)：糖在低濃度跟乙烯信號(hào)沒有拮抗關(guān)系。

基于以上深入解析發(fā)現(xiàn)：Bergmann課題組結(jié)論：低濃度糖抑制氣孔發(fā)育，而乙烯信號(hào)促進(jìn)氣孔發(fā)育（Gong et al., 2021）是基于低糖和乙烯相拮抗調(diào)控氣孔發(fā)育。這個(gè)結(jié)論明顯與以上系列一流期刊論文結(jié)論相反。究其原因就是沒有弄清楚糖和乙烯信號(hào)相互拮抗調(diào)控植物發(fā)育是特異的和有特定條件的。因此，在這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤結(jié)論基礎(chǔ)上又得出了一系列誤導(dǎo)性的結(jié)論（如：他們認(rèn)為葡萄糖感受器HXK1和乙烯信號(hào)核心元件EIN3不參與糖信號(hào)和乙烯信號(hào)拮抗調(diào)控氣孔發(fā)育。）。

該系列論文受到國家自然科學(xué)基金（31960268）,甘肅省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃（23YFFE0001），和云南省科學(xué)院基礎(chǔ)基金資助（2023KYZX-15）的資助。

參考文獻(xiàn)：

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三篇論文鏈接：

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/pce.15191；https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/pce.15388；https://bsppjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/mpp.70048