華中科技大學碩士研究生入學考試《信號與線性系統(tǒng)》考研大綱

代碼: 824

第一部分 考試說明

一、考試性質(zhì)

全國碩士研究生入學考試是為高等學校招收碩士研究生而設置的。其中，《信號與線性系統(tǒng)》實行按一級學科統(tǒng)考。它的評價標準是高等學校優(yōu)秀本科畢業(yè)生能達到的及格或及格以上水平，以保證被錄取者具有基本的專業(yè)水平，并有利于各高等學校的擇優(yōu)選拔。

考試對象為參加2015年全國碩士研究生入學考試的本科應屆畢業(yè)生，或具有同等學歷的在職人員。

科學學位碩士研究生和專業(yè)學位碩士研究生招生考試中的《信號與線性系統(tǒng)》均采用本考試大綱。科學學位碩士研究生招生考試中的《信號與線性系統(tǒng)》科目的代碼為824

二、考試形式與試卷結構

（一） 答卷方式：閉卷，筆試。

（二）答題時間：180分鐘。

（三）各部分內(nèi)容的考試比例（滿分150分）

信號與線性系統(tǒng)：150

（四）題型比例

填空題、判斷題、證明題、計算題

第二部分 考查要點

一、信號與系統(tǒng)

(Signals and Systems)

1．信號、系統(tǒng)的概念

(Concepts about signals and systems)

2．常用信號及其性質(zhì)

(Commonly used signals and their properties)

3．信號的波形圖、基本運算與奇、偶分解

(Waveform of signals, transformation of the independent variable, even and odd decomposition of signals)

4．單位沖激信號和單位階躍信號的概念及性質(zhì)

(Unit impulse and unit step functions and their properties)

5．系統(tǒng)的基本性質(zhì)

(Basic system properties)

二、線性時不變系統(tǒng)

(Linear Time-invariant Systems)

1. 線性時不變系統(tǒng)的性質(zhì)

(Properties of linear time-invariant systems)

2．線性時不變系統(tǒng)的零輸入響應

(Zero-input response of linear time-invariant systems)

3. 線性時不變系統(tǒng)的零狀態(tài)響應

(Zero-state response of linear time-invariant systems)

4. 卷積積分的性質(zhì)及計算

(Properties and computation of convolution integral)

5．卷積和的性質(zhì)及計算

(Properties and computation of convolution sum)

6．連續(xù)線性時不變系統(tǒng)的單位沖激響應和單位階躍響應

(Unit impulse response and Unit step response of continuous-time LTI systems)

7．離散線性時不變系統(tǒng)的單位取樣響應和單位階躍響應

(Unit sample response and Unit step response of discrete-time LTI systems)

8．線性常系數(shù)微分方程的時域解法

(Solution of Linear constant-coefficient differential equations in time-domain)

9．線性常系數(shù)差分方程的時域解法

(Solution of Linear constant-coefficient difference equations in time-domain)

三、周期信號的傅里葉級數(shù)表示

(Fourier series representation of periodic signals)

1. 線性時不變系統(tǒng)的特征函數(shù)

(Eigen-function of linear time-invariant systems)

2. 連續(xù)時間周期信號的傅里葉級數(shù)表示

(Fourier series representation of continuous-time periodic signals)

3．連續(xù)時間傅里葉級數(shù)的性質(zhì)

(Properties of CTFS)

4. 離散時間周期信號的傅里葉級數(shù)表示

(Fourier series representation of discrete-time periodic signals)

5. 離散時間傅里葉級數(shù)的性質(zhì)

(Properties of DTFS)

6. 周期信號的頻譜

(Spectrum of periodic signals)

7. 周期信號激勵下線性時不變系統(tǒng)的響應

(Response of LTI systems for periodic input signals)

8. 理想低通、高通、全通、帶通、帶阻濾波器

(Ideal low-pass, high-pass, all-pass, band-pass and band-stop filters)

四、連續(xù)時間傅里葉變換

(The Continuous-time Fourier Transform)

1. 連續(xù)時間傅里葉變換及非周期連續(xù)信號的頻譜

(CTFT and the spectrum of continuous-time non-periodic signals)

2. 連續(xù)周期信號的傅里葉變換

(Fourier transform of continuous-time periodic signals)

3. 連續(xù)時間傅里葉變換的性質(zhì)

(Properties of CTFT)

4．連續(xù)線性時不變系統(tǒng)的頻率響應、幅頻響應、相頻響應

(The frequency response of continuous-time LTI systems and its magnitude and phase)

5. 連續(xù)線性時不變系統(tǒng)的頻域分析

(Analysis of continuous-time LTI systems in frequency domain)

6．無失真?zhèn)鬏?/p>

(Transmission without distortion)

7．線性相位的概念

(Concept of linear phase)

五、離散時間傅里葉變換

(The Discrete-time Fourier Transform)

1. 離散時間傅里葉變換及非周期離散信號的頻譜

(DTFT and the spectrum of discrete-time non-periodic signals)

2. 離散周期信號的傅里葉變換

(Fourier transform of discrete-time periodic signals)

3. 離散時間傅里葉變換的性質(zhì)

(Properties of DTFT)

4．離散線性時不變系統(tǒng)的頻率響應、幅頻響應、相頻響應

(The frequency response of discrete-time LTI systems and its magnitude and phase)

5. 離散線性時不變系統(tǒng)的頻域分析

(Analysis of discrete-time LTI systems in frequency domain)

六、連續(xù)時間信號的取樣

(Sampling of continuous-time signals)

1．沖激取樣的原理

(Principle of impulse-train sampling)

2．取樣定理

(Sampling Theorem)

3．由取樣值重建原始連續(xù)時間信號的方法

(Methods of reconstructing the original continuous-time signals from its samples)

七、拉普拉斯變換

(The Laplace Transform)

1. 拉普拉斯變換及其收斂域

(The Laplace transform and its region of convergence)

2. 拉普拉斯逆變換

(The Inverse Laplace transform)

3. 拉普拉斯變換的性質(zhì)

(Properties of the Laplace transform)

4．連續(xù)時間系統(tǒng)的系統(tǒng)函數(shù)H(s)

(System function H(s) of continuous-time systems)

5．系統(tǒng)函數(shù)與系統(tǒng)因果性和穩(wěn)定性的關系

(Relationships between system function and the causality and stability of LTI systems)

6. 由系統(tǒng)函數(shù)的極-零圖繪制一階或二階系統(tǒng)的頻率特性曲線

(Geometric evaluation of the frequency response of first-order or second-order LTI systems from the pole-zero plot of H(s))

7．利用拉氏變換求零狀態(tài)響應

(Solving the zero-state response using the Laplace transform)

8．連續(xù)系統(tǒng)的框圖表示

(Block diagram representations of continuous-time LTI systems)

9．信號流圖表示與梅森公式

(Signal flow graph representations of LTI systems and Mason’s Formula)

10．單邊拉普拉斯變換及其性質(zhì)

(The Unilateral Laplace transform and its properties)

11．利用單邊拉普拉斯變換求解線性常系數(shù)微分方程

(Solving differential equations using the unilateral Laplace transform)

八、Z變換

(The z-Transform)

1. Z變換及其收斂域

(The z-transform and its ROC)

2. 逆Z變換

(The Inverse z-transform)

3. Z變換的性質(zhì)

(Properties of the z-transform)

4．離散時間系統(tǒng)的系統(tǒng)函數(shù)H(z)

(System function H(z) of discrete-time systems)

5．系統(tǒng)函數(shù)與系統(tǒng)因果性和穩(wěn)定性的關系

(Relationships between system function and the causality and stability of LTI systems)

6. 由系統(tǒng)函數(shù)的極-零圖繪制一階或二階系統(tǒng)的頻率特性曲線

(Geometric evaluation of the frequency response of first-order or second-order LTI systems from the pole-zero plot of H(z))

7. 利用Z變換求零狀態(tài)響應

(Solving the zero-state response using the z-transform)

8．離散時間系統(tǒng)的框圖表示

(Block diagram representations of discrete-time LTI systems)

9. 單邊Z變換及其性質(zhì)

(The Unilateral z-transform and its properties)

10．利用單邊Z變換求解線性常系數(shù)差分方程

(Solving difference equations using the unilateral z-transform)

九、狀態(tài)模型分析

(State Model Representation)

1. 連續(xù)時間和離散時間線性時不變系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài)模型表示

(State model representation for both continuous-time and discrete-time LTI systems)

2. 狀態(tài)模型（狀態(tài)方程、輸出方程）的建立

(Construction of state models)

3. 狀態(tài)方程的求解（包括時域及變換域解法）

(Solution of state equations)